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Mario Monti
Mario Monti (born 19 March 1943) is an Italian economist who served as the Prime Minister of Italy from 2011 to 2013, leading a government of technocrats in the wake of the Italian debt crisis.
Monti served as a European Commissioner from 1995 to 2004, with responsibility for the Internal Market, Services, Customs and Taxation from 1995 to 1999 and for Competition from 1999 to 2004. Monti has also been Rector and President of Bocconi University in Milan for many years. On 12 November 2011, in the midst of the European sovereign debt crisis, Monti was invited by President Giorgio Napolitano to form a new technocratic government following the resignation of Silvio Berlusconi. Monti was sworn in as Prime Minister on 16 November 2011, just a week after having been appointed a Senator for Life by President Napolitano, and initially became Minister of Economy and Finances as well, giving that portfolio up the following July. From 16 May 2013 to 17 October 2013 Monti was the President of Civic Choice, a centrist〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Parties and Elections in Europe )〕 political party.
==Early life==
Monti was born in Varese on 19 March 1943. His mother was from Piacenza. Although his father grew up in Varese, he was born in Luján in the Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, where his ancestors had emigrated to in the 19th century and built up a soft-drink and beer-production business.〔("''Monti d'Italia e d'Argentina – Il Grande Sud''" ) (in Italian). ''Il Sole 24 Ore''. 17 November 2011. Retrieved 30 December 2011.〕〔("''Mario Monti, el sucesor de Berlusconi, es hijo de un argentino''" ) (in Spanish). ''La Nación''. 14 November 2011. Retrieved 30 December 2011.〕 Monti's father went back to Argentina during World War II, but later returned to his family home in Varese.〔Camanzini, Enrico. ("''Mario Monti, dalla città giardino al Palazzo Madama: I ricordi delle gite sui monti delle Prealpi''" ) (in Italian). ''Il Giorno''. 12 November 2011. Retrieved 17 November 2011.〕
Monti studied at the private Leo XIII High School and attended Bocconi University of Milan, where he obtained a degree in economics in 1965. Later, he won a scholarship to Yale University where he studied under James Tobin, a recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economics.〔Public hearing: Strengthening economic governance in the EU (Brussels, 13 January 2011) — (Curriculum vitae of speakers ). Retrieved 12 November 2011.〕
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